Hiện nay Đại học Heidelberg bao gồm 12 khoa cung cấp các chương trình ở bậc dưới đại học, đại học và tiến sĩ với khoảng 100 môn học.

Khoa

• The Faculty of Behavioural Sciences and Empirical Cultural Sciences
• The Faculty of Biosciences
• The Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences
• The Faculty of Law
• The Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences
• The Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science
• The Faculty of Medicine
• The Faculty of Medicine in Mannheim
• The Faculty of Modern Languages
• The Faculty of Philosophy and History
• The Faculty of Physics and Astronomy
• The Faculty of Theology

Cơ quan trực thuộc

• Network for Research on Ageing
• Central Institute of Mental Health Mannheim
• Heidelberg Center for American Studies
• Centre for Asian and Transcultural Studies
• Heidelberg Institute for International Conflict Research,
• Heidelberg State Observatory,
• University Hospital Heidelberg,
• University Hospital Mannheim.

Hợp tác

• Center for Jewish Studies Heidelberg
• European Molecular Biology Laboratory
• German Cancer Research Center (Helmholtz Association)
• Heavy Ion Research Center Darmstadt (Helmholtz Association),
• Heidelberg University of Education
• Heidelberg Academy of Sciences
• Karlsruhe Research Center (Helmholtz Association)
• Max Planck Institute for Astronomy (Max Planck Society)
• Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law and International Law (Max Planck Society)
• Max Planck Institute for Medical Research (Max Planck Society)
• Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics (Max Planck Society)